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quelles issues possibles ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L'affaire Huawei vs Trump pose de nombreuses questions sur l'avenir de la marque. Nous avons \u00e9tudi\u00e9 la question pour d\u00e9terminer les issues possibles.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phonandroid.com\/affaire-huawei-vs-trump-quelles-issues-possibles.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Affaire Huawei vs Trump : quelles issues possibles ?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L'affaire Huawei vs Trump pose de nombreuses questions sur l'avenir de la marque. Nous avons \u00e9tudi\u00e9 la question pour d\u00e9terminer les issues possibles.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.phonandroid.com\/affaire-huawei-vs-trump-quelles-issues-possibles.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"PhonAndroid\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/phonandroid\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-06-21T17:32:22+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-03-05T14:15:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/wp-pa.phonandroid.com\/uploads\/2019\/06\/affaire-huawei-youtube.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1350\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"780\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Romain Vitt\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@vitt_romain\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@phonandroid\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Romain Vitt\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.phonandroid.com\/affaire-huawei-vs-trump-quelles-issues-possibles.html#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.phonandroid.com\/affaire-huawei-vs-trump-quelles-issues-possibles.html\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Romain Vitt\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.phonandroid.com\/#\/schema\/person\/eaffd3564b65ccae98964f8288dcfa22\"},\"headline\":\"Affaire Huawei vs Trump : quelles issues possibles ?\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-06-21T17:32:22+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-03-05T14:15:44+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.phonandroid.com\/affaire-huawei-vs-trump-quelles-issues-possibles.html\"},\"wordCount\":1404,\"commentCount\":6,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.phonandroid.com\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Actualit\u00e9s\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.phonandroid.com\/affaire-huawei-vs-trump-quelles-issues-possibles.html#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2019\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.phonandroid.com\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.phonandroid.com\/affaire-huawei-vs-trump-quelles-issues-possibles.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.phonandroid.com\/affaire-huawei-vs-trump-quelles-issues-possibles.html\",\"name\":\"Affaire Huawei vs Trump : quelles issues possibles ?\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.phonandroid.com\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2019-06-21T17:32:22+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-03-05T14:15:44+00:00\",\"description\":\"L'affaire Huawei vs Trump pose de nombreuses questions sur l'avenir de la marque. 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{"id":2237826,"date":"2019-06-21T19:32:22","date_gmt":"2019-06-21T17:32:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.phonandroid.com\/?p=2237826"},"modified":"2020-03-05T15:15:44","modified_gmt":"2020-03-05T14:15:44","slug":"affaire-huawei-vs-trump-quelles-issues-possibles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.phonandroid.com\/affaire-huawei-vs-trump-quelles-issues-possibles.html","title":{"rendered":"Affaire Huawei vs Trump : quelles issues possibles ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

-EDITO- Comment va se terminer l\u2019affaire Huawei vs Trump ? Cette question, beaucoup se la posent, \u00e0 juste titre. En quelques semaines \u00e0 peine, Huawei a d\u00fb faire face \u00e0 plusieurs d\u00e9boires sur fond de crise g\u00e9opolitique. Nous avons analys\u00e9 la situation afin de d\u00e9terminer les diff\u00e9rents sc\u00e9narios possibles pour sortir de ce conflit.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"affaire<\/p>\n

En mai 2019, Donald Trump cr\u00e9ait un v\u00e9ritable coup de tonnerre sur la plan\u00e8te high-tech. Le Pr\u00e9sident des \u00c9tats-Unis signait un d\u00e9cret interdisant aux entreprises am\u00e9ricaines de collaborer avec Huawei<\/a>. Cause officielle : des accusations d\u2019espionnage et d\u2019exploitation de donn\u00e9es. En lisant entre les lignes, on comprend que le Pr\u00e9sident am\u00e9ricain craint pour ses multinationales dans la course \u00e0 la 5G et aux technologies de demain. Pas question de voir le g\u00e9ant chinois remporter la guerre technologique<\/a>, reconna\u00eet-il. Au milieu, l\u2019Europe, impuissante, repr\u00e9sente l\u2019enjeu majeur des deux pays. Les \u00c9tats-Unis, bien implant\u00e9s sur le Vieux-Continent (Google, Apple, Facebook, etc.) refusent de laisser la place \u00e0 la Chine.<\/p>\n

Si Huawei est particuli\u00e8rement vis\u00e9e, c\u2019est parce qu\u2019elle repr\u00e9sente la plus grande menace pour Donald Trump. L\u2019entreprise a r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 s\u2019imposer comme le num\u00e9ro 2 mondial des smartphones devant Apple<\/a> et s\u2019annonce comme l\u2019un des acteurs majeurs de la 5G en Europe<\/strong>. Apr\u00e8s une premi\u00e8re rencontre, Donald Trump et Xi Jinping semblaient avoir trouv\u00e9 un accord commercial. Mais sans que personne s\u2019y attende, le Pr\u00e9sident am\u00e9ricain a d\u2019abord augment\u00e9 les frais de douanes pour tous les produits en provenance de Chine. C\u2019\u00e9tait avant de s\u2019apercevoir que les premi\u00e8res victimes de cette mesure \u00e9taient les consommateurs am\u00e9ricains.<\/p>\n

Sous couvert de “s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale”, Trump a alors plac\u00e9 Huawei sur liste noire<\/a>, soulevant ainsi de nombreuses inqui\u00e9tudes chez les utilisateurs de produits Huawei. Par exemple, Google ne peut plus travailler avec le num\u00e9ro 2 mondial<\/a> du smartphone. Or, tous ses appareils mobiles embarquent Android, le syst\u00e8me d\u2019exploitation de l\u2019entreprise californienne.<\/p>\n

Le PDG de la marque chinoise admet ne pas avoir envisag\u00e9 de telles r\u00e9percussions<\/a>, mais reste n\u00e9anmoins confiant. Huawei peut franchir certains obstacles<\/strong>, non sans efforts, mais tous. Pour certains, le d\u00e9fi reste plus grand. \u00c0 ce jour, la situation reste gel\u00e9e. Quelles sont alors les issues possibles dans cette affaire m\u00ealant int\u00e9r\u00eats \u00e9conomiques et g\u00e9opolitiques ? Nous avons \u00e9tudi\u00e9 la question.<\/p>\n

La solution d\u2019urgence : Huawei trouve des alternatives<\/h2>\n

Le premier sc\u00e9nario reposerait enti\u00e8rement sur Huawei (aid\u00e9 par le gouvernement chinois). La marque a d\u2019ores et d\u00e9j\u00e0 fait comprendre qu\u2019elle avait anticip\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9ventuels blocages provenant des \u00c9tats-Unis. Le d\u00e9cret Trump emp\u00eache le chinois d\u2019utiliser Android sur ses futurs smartphones puisque l\u2019OS appartient \u00e0 Google.<\/p>\n

N\u00e9anmoins, Android reste un syst\u00e8me disponible librement et gratuitement gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019Android Open Source Project. Ainsi, Huawei dit avoir d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 HongMeng OS en interne<\/a>, un logiciel maison bas\u00e9 sur Android AOSP et d\u00e9j\u00e0 en test sur 1 million de mod\u00e8les en Chine. La marque a m\u00eame d\u00e9pos\u00e9 d\u2019autres noms qui pourraient \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s en Europe : Ark OS et Oak OS.<\/p>\n

\"huawei<\/p>\n

Si les rumeurs annoncent HongMeng OS pour octobre 2019<\/a>, Huawei doit r\u00e9gler un probl\u00e8me de taille, celui de la boutique d\u2019applications. M\u00eame si son OS est bas\u00e9 sur Android (et qu\u2019il peut faire tourner les m\u00eames applications), il n\u2019embarquera toujours pas les services Google, donc le Play Store. Le g\u00e9ant chinois va donc devoir convaincre les d\u00e9veloppeurs de proposer leurs applications sur App Gallery<\/a>, la boutique d\u2019applis maison qui compte 270 millions d\u2019utilisateurs actifs (selon la marque).<\/strong><\/p>\n

Huawei dispose de deux leviers : sa position de num\u00e9ro 2 mondial du smartphone donc son parc important d\u2019utilisateurs et le taux de commission appliqu\u00e9. \u00c9tabli \u00e0 30% chez Apple et Google, ce taux pose un v\u00e9ritable probl\u00e8me \u00e9conomique pour de nombreux d\u00e9veloppeurs. Huawei pourrait par exemple proposer une commission de 15 ou 20% pour les attirer dans ses rangs. Selon la marque, ils sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 560 000 \u00e0 se lancer dans l\u2019aventure.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Si Huawei parvient \u00e0 mener \u00e0 bien ce projet (qui se r\u00e9v\u00e8lerait vraiment viable d\u2019ici plusieurs ann\u00e9es), il pourra mener une strat\u00e9gie comparable \u00e0 celle d\u2019Apple et ma\u00eetriser son logiciel et son mat\u00e9riel. On peut m\u00eame imaginer un syst\u00e8me d\u00e9di\u00e9 au PC pour faire converger l\u2019ensemble.<\/p>\n

\"huawei<\/p>\n

Il reste n\u00e9anmoins un obstacle de taille : les composants. Apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9cret, Huawei n\u2019a pas seulement perdu Google, d\u2019autres acteurs majeurs du march\u00e9 ont l\u00e2ch\u00e9 la marque. Parmi eux, on compte ARM, acteur indispensable \u00e0 la conception de tous les processeurs<\/a> fabriqu\u00e9s au monde. \u00c0 moins que Huawei ait provisionn\u00e9 un stock monumental de composants n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 la fabrication de ses propres puces, nous ne voyons pas comment il pourrait s\u2019en sortir sans l\u2019intervention du gouvernement chinois.<\/p>\n

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